Immunotherapy is one of the types of treatment for cancer that helps the human immune system fight the cancer. The human immune system is the defense mechanism of the human body and helps the body fight the infections and other disease. Moreover, the immune system is made up of white blood cells and organs and tissues of the lymph system. Immunotherapy is a type of biological therapy, which means it is a type of treatment that uses substances made from living organisms to treat cancer. Immunotherapy helps the human immune system to better act against the cancerous cells and thus prevents or slows the growth of cancer cells. Immunotherapies are often limited by their immune-related adverse events (IRAEs), immune activation, and inflammatory response against the host’s healthy tissues. Immune activation against the host’s tumor is the desired outcome but is challenging to predict, diagnose, and treat. In the setting of metastatic melanoma, the addition of a CTLA-4 antibody to PD-1 blockade is associated with only an incremental increase in survival, but at the cost of more than double the rate of serious. A recent meta-analysis reported a fatality rate of up to 1 patient in every 77 treated using an ICI combination
There are different types of immunotherapy treatment used namely, immune checkpoint inhibitors, t-cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies, treatment vaccines, and immune system modulators. Immunotherapy treatment can be given in different ways some of which include, IV i.e. immunotherapy goes directly in a vein, oral i.e. therapy comes in pills and capsules that need to be swallowed, topical i.e. immunotherapy done in the form of cream and this type is widely used for skin cancer and lastly intravesical i.e. therapy administered through the bladder.
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Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market – Competitive Insight
- In August 2023, the European Union approved Roche’s Tecentriq (Atezolizumab), a subcutaneous injection for cancer immunotherapy.
- On 13th March 2023 Pfizer and Seagen merged to accelerate cancer therapies including Seagen’s Antibody – Drug Conjugate (ADC) technology.
Some of the Key Players in the Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market Include –
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Merck & Co., Inc.
- Novartis International AG
- Roche Holding AG
- AstraZeneca plc
- Amgen Inc.
- Bayer AG
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Janssen Global Services
- Pfizer
- Johnson and Johnson
- GlaxoSmithKline PLC
- OSE Immunotherapeutic
- Celgene Corporation
- Bluebird bio
- Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals
Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market – Growth Drivers
The rise in the cases of cancer in India and all over the world is the primary driver for cancer immunotherapy. According to the National Cancer Registry Programme Report 2020, it was estimated that “the expected number of cancer incidents in India for 2022 is 14,61,427 with a crude rate of 100.4 per 100,000. In India, it was found that one out of every nine people is likely to develop cancer over his lifetime. Moreover, the number of cancer cases is expected to increase by 12.8% in 2025 if compared with 2020”. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and there is a rise in the number of breast cancer cases across the globe. Thus the a need to strive for effective therapy where cancer immunotherapy plays a crucial role. Government support and initiatives also play a crucial driver for the market.
Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market – Restraints
The high cost of cancer immunotherapy acts as the major factor in limiting the cancer immunotherapy market. In India immunotherapy cannot be accessed by all the patients. Immunotherapy may have some side effects. According to the Cancer Research Institute, immunotherapy may cause immune-related side effects that can affect any tissue or organs in the human body. Some side effects include arthritis, chills, and coughing. Immunotherapy needs specialized medicinal facilities, skilled employees, and cutting-edge machinery, which also are the main restraints in the global cancer immunotherapy market. According to an article published by Harvard Medical School, cancer immunotherapy does not benefit all patients. We are not sure whether the immunotherapy will work for the patient, thus this could also be a factor for market restraint. Over some time, the patient’s body may get used to the treatment, and thus the effects of immunotherapy may decline.
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Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market – Opportunities
According to the International Agency for Research for Research on Cancer (IARC), in the year 2019, there were about 19.29 million cases of cancer across the world, which further is estimated to rise to 24.58 million cases by the year 2030. This data makes it clear that the opportunities in the global immunotherapy market will keep on rising as the number of cancer patients increases. Moreover the advancement in immunotherapy techniques such as monoclonal antibodies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors also significantly enhances the opportunities in the particular market. An increase in the awareness of the cancer disease by Gov creates opportunities for market expansion. Personalized immunotherapy which is based on immune profiling and individual genes also brings opportunities in the particular market. Combining nanomedicines along with immunotherapy is also a recent trend which includes improving the effects of immunotherapy using nanomedicines.
Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market – Geographical Insight
The market for cancer immunotherapy is segmented into regions such as North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East & Africa. The US is the largest market for cancer immunotherapy. The reason is the advanced facilities for healthcare present in the region. Moreover, according to the American Cancer Society, it was estimated that in 2022 there would be 1.9 million new cancer cases, thus the constant increase in the number of patients suffering from cancer increases the market opportunities. Asia-Pacific is also a prominent market for cancer immunotherapy, and it’s expected to show prominent growth in future years. The reason is, an increase in cancer patients, especially in India. Government initiatives and awareness campaigns also help in the expansion of the cancer immunotherapy market here in Asia-Pacific.
Global Cancer Immunotherapy Market – Key Development
- In October 2023, Pfizer introduced a treatment for adult patients suffering from metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This treatment involves the use of Mektovi (Binimetinib) and Braftovi (Encorafenib) and has been approved by the USFDA.
- In 2019 Roche Holding AG approved the launching of its Atezolizumab cancer immunotherapy in India.
- In 2019 itself, Merck introduced Keytruda, a new cancer immunotherapy along with Pfizer Inlyta which was primarily focused on minimizing kidney cancer risks.